penalty

n. 處罰、刑罰、罰款、罰球、報應、不利結果、妨礙

罰金(款)、違約金

學術名詞

• 懲罰：教育學、資訊
• 罰則：電子工程
• （性能等的）損失：資訊
• 違約金：機械工程
• 罰款：土木工程

英文釋義

1. the act of punishing, or the infliction of a penalty
2. a payment required for not fulfilling a contract
3. the disadvantage or painful consequences of an action or condition
4. (games) a handicap or disadvantage that is imposed on a competitor (or a team) for an infraction of the rules of the game