hostility

n. 敵意、敵對、反對

學術名詞

• 敵意：生態學、心理學
• 敵對作用：生態學、植物學

英文釋義

1. a hostile (very unfriendly) disposition
2. a state of deep-seated ill-will
3. the feeling of a hostile person
4. violent action that is hostile and usually unprovoked